Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Transcriptomic Establishment of Pig Macrophage Polarization Signatures

doi: 10.3390/cimb45030151

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brief methods of bone marrow-derived macrophage induction.

Article Snippet: M2_IL4 + IL10 , M2 , 10 ng/mL IL10(Proteintech, USA, HZ-1145), and 10 ng/mL IL4 (Proteintech, Rosemount, IL, USA, HZ-1004).

Techniques:

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Transcriptomic Establishment of Pig Macrophage Polarization Signatures

doi: 10.3390/cimb45030151

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcriptomic comparison of porcine macrophage phenotypes, M1 (M1_IFNγ + LPS, and M1_GM-CSF) versus M2 (M1_IFNγ + LPS, and M1_GM-CSF). ( A ) PCA clustering M1_IFNγ + LPS ( n = 4), M1_GM-CSF ( n = 4), M2_IL4 + IL10 ( n = 3), M2_M-CSF ( n = 3); ( B ) Top enriched GO biological processes of 730 DEG genes, M1 (M1_IFNγ + LPS, and M1_GM-CSF) and M2 (M2_IL4 + IL10, and M2_M-CSF); ( C ) Heatmap exhibiting 49 classical macrophage marker genes expression profile among M1_IFNγ + LPS, M1_GM-CSF, M2_IL4 + IL10, and M2_M-CSF; ( D ) The DEGs between M1 and M2 were studied by using the String online tool. The interaction between each protein pair is represented by lines, and the size of the circle is directly proportional to the degree.

Article Snippet: M2_IL4 + IL10 , M2 , 10 ng/mL IL10(Proteintech, USA, HZ-1145), and 10 ng/mL IL4 (Proteintech, Rosemount, IL, USA, HZ-1004).

Techniques: Comparison, Marker, Expressing

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Transcriptomic Establishment of Pig Macrophage Polarization Signatures

doi: 10.3390/cimb45030151

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of transcriptomics in different phenotypes of porcine macrophages. ( A ) Heatmap showing that specific macrophage phenotypes were aggregated by the induction method, M1_IFNγ + LPS, and M1_GM-CSF; ( B ) Heatmap showing that specific macrophage phenotypes were aggregated by the induction method M2_IL4 + IL10 and M2_M-CSF; ( C ) GO pathway enrichment analysis of two polarized macrophages, M1_IFNγ + LPS and M1_GM-CSF; ( D ) GO pathway enrichment analysis of two polarized macrophages, M2_IL4 + IL10 and M2_M-CSF; ( E ) The DEGs were studied by using the String online tool, M1_IFNγ + LPS, and M1_GM-CSF. The interaction between each protein pair is represented by lines, and the size of the circle is directly proportional to the degree of interaction. We adopt a node number greater than 1; ( F ) The DEGs are studied by using the String online tool, M2_IL4 + IL10, and M2_M-CSF. The interaction between each protein pair is represented by lines, and the size of the circle is directly proportional to the degree of interaction. We adopt a node number greater than 2.

Article Snippet: M2_IL4 + IL10 , M2 , 10 ng/mL IL10(Proteintech, USA, HZ-1145), and 10 ng/mL IL4 (Proteintech, Rosemount, IL, USA, HZ-1004).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Transcriptomic Establishment of Pig Macrophage Polarization Signatures

doi: 10.3390/cimb45030151

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of M1_IFNγ + LPS, M1_GMCSF, M2_M-CSF, and M2_IL4 + IL10 signatures. ( A ) SS2-infected macrophages were enriched in M1_IFNγ + LPS based on GSEA (Data source: Microarray analysis); ( B ) PRRSV-infected macrophages were enriched in M1_GM-CSF based on GSEA (Data source: RNA-seq); ( C ). T. gondii -infected macrophages were enriched in M2_IL4 + IL10 based on GSEA (Data source: RNA-seq); ( D ) T. gondii Me49 -infected macrophages were enriched in M2_M-CSF based on GSEA (Data source: RNA-seq).

Article Snippet: M2_IL4 + IL10 , M2 , 10 ng/mL IL10(Proteintech, USA, HZ-1145), and 10 ng/mL IL4 (Proteintech, Rosemount, IL, USA, HZ-1004).

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Infection, Microarray, RNA Sequencing

Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: Polyethylene Terephthalate Hydrolases in Human Gut Microbiota and Their Implications for Human Health

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010138

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of PET MPs and hydrolysates on cell viability and macrophage polarization. ( A , B ) Relative expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and Arg-1 (IL-4 stimulation) in mouse monocyte macrophages RAW 264.7 cells treated with TPA (0.01 mM) ( A ) and TPA (1.00 mM) ( B ) for 24 h followed by LPS/IL-4 stimulation for 6 h. ( C ) Relative expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and Arg-1 (IL-4 stimulation) in mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) treated with TPA (1.00 mM) for 24 h followed by LPS/IL-4 stimulation for 6 h. ( D , E ) Relative expression levels of IL-1β ( D ) and Arg-1 ( E ) in RAW 264.7 cells treated with PET MPs (<400 μm) at a gradient dose at 0.01, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/mL for 24 h followed by LPS/IL-4 stimulation for 6 h. ( F , G ) Relative expression levels of IL-1β ( F ) and Arg-1 ( G ) in RAW 264.7 cells treated with PET MPs (<400 μm) at a gradient dose at 0.01, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/mL for 24 h without any stimulation. *** p -value < 0.001; ** p -value < 0.01; * p -value < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (product code: HY-P7085), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (product code: HY-D1056), and murine interleukin-4 (IL-4) (product code: HY-P70644) were obtained from MedChemExpress, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Techniques: Expressing, Derivative Assay

Journal: BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits tumor-promoting in small cell lung cancer by affecting M2 macrophages and TGF-β

doi: 10.1186/s12890-025-03533-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: The Effect of M2 Macrophages on NCI-H209 Cells. ( A ) PMA-induced differentiation of THP-1 into M0 macrophages. ( B and C ) IL-4 and IL-13 induce the differentiation of M0 macrophages into M2 macrophages. ( D ) CCK8 assay to detect the effect of M2 macrophages on the viability of NCI-H209 cells. ( E ) Flow cytometry to analyze the cell cycle distribution of NCI-H209 cells treated with M2 macrophages. ( F ) Flow cytometry to analyze the cell apoptosis of NCI-H209 cells treated with M2 macrophages. ( G ) Transwell assays to examine the effect of M2 macrophages on the migration of NCI-H209 cells. Scale bar = 100 μm. ( H ) ELISA assay to detect the effect of M2 macrophages on TGF-β expression. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns” stands for “no significant difference

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the cells were incubated with THP-1 cell-specific culture medium (CM-0233, Procell, Wuhan, China) containing IL-4 (20 ng/mL) (HY-P700130AF, MCE, Shanghai, China) and IL-13 (5 ng/mL) (HY-P70568, MCE, Shanghai, China) for 48 h to polarize them into M2 macrophages.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry, Migration, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Genetics

Article Title: MBD2 mediates Th17 cell differentiation by regulating MINK1 in Th17-dominant asthma

doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.959059

Figure Lengend Snippet: Th17-dominant asthma mediated by Th17 cells (A) Th17 and Th2 cells were detected by flow cytometry in splenocytes. (B) Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-4 were detected by ELISA (C) The positive rate of cytokeratin in BECs was determined by immunofluorescence. (D and E) After BECs were stimulated with 100 μg/ml HDM, 100 μg/ml HDM +100 ng/ml LPS or PBS for 24 h and cocultured with CD4 + T cells for 24 h, the expression of Th2 and Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-17 and IL-4 in the cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The levels of IL-17 and IL-4 in mouse serum and cell supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit (CSB-E04608m, Cusabio, China) and Mouse IL-4 ELISA Kit (CSB-E04634m, Cusabio, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Genetics

Article Title: MBD2 mediates Th17 cell differentiation by regulating MINK1 in Th17-dominant asthma

doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.959059

Figure Lengend Snippet: Th17 cell differentiation under MBD2 and MINK1 gene silencing or overexpression (A and B) After the MBD2 or MINK1 gene was transfected in BECs with HDM + LPS exposure and cocultured with CD4 + T cells for 24 h, the expression of Th2 and Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-17 and IL-4 in the cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. (C and D) After the transfection of the MBD2 or MINK1 gene in BECs without HDM + LPS exposure and cocultured with CD4 + T cells for 24 h, the expression of Th2 and Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-17 and IL-4 in the cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. HL, HDM + LPS.

Article Snippet: The levels of IL-17 and IL-4 in mouse serum and cell supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit (CSB-E04608m, Cusabio, China) and Mouse IL-4 ELISA Kit (CSB-E04634m, Cusabio, China).

Techniques: Cell Differentiation, Over Expression, Transfection, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay